Abstract
Parasitism is a disease that commonly occurs in ruminants, including wild native Timor deer (Rusa deer). Variation of parasite types in wild Timor deer in three national parks (NP) in Indonesia, namely Baluran NP, Alas Purwo NP, and West Bali NP, has never been done. This research aimed to detect the types, number, prevalence, and diversity of gastrointestinal parasites in wild Timor deer (Cervus timorensis) in the three national parks. The research used a survey method with a non-invasive sampling technique. The samples taken were feces (n=293) from wild Timor deer using the transect method. Fecal examination methods were carried out using the floating and sedimentation methods. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive and chi-square analysis. The results obtained were single infections of 81.13% and multiple infections of 18.87%, with the highest diversity in Alas Purwo NP of 11 species. The prevalence in Baluran, Alas Purwo, and West Bali NP was 20.99%, 66.67% and 27.91%, respectively. The eggs of parasites that were found were Coccidia (Eimeria spp.), Strongyle and eggs of Paramphistomum spp., Ostertagia spp., Moniezia spp., Strongyloides spp., Fasciola spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia spp., Toxocara spp., Metastrongylus spp., and Trichuris spp. Chi-square analysis of the influence of the presence of other ruminants than wild Timor deer on the parasite types showed significant results (p=0.02). This study indicates that interspecies interactions between wild Timor deer and domestic cattle in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks play an important role in increasing the diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites. The high prevalence and number of parasite species in areas with intense contact highlight the potential for cross-species transmission. This condition implies that repeated interactions with domestic ruminants could be a key factor in maintaining or increasing infection burdens, underscoring the need for careful habitat management and grazing policy in conservation areas.
SDGs:
SDG 15:Life on Land
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