
Abstract
Expired glue is one of the wastes generated from the adhesive and wood processing industries. Non-optimal management of expired glue can cause financial loss and environmental danger. This research tries to utilize the expired urea-formaldehyde (UF) glue with the addition of wood vinegar for producing composite products, i.e., for plywood and recycled particleboard. The materials used in this research were urea-formaldehyde glue past ±6 months from its shelf








